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The University of Arizona 
and The War 



The University of Arizona Record is published four 
times a year by the University at Tucson, Arizona. 
Entered as Second-Class Matter at the Postoffice at 
Tucson, Arizona, under the Act of July 16, 1894. 



THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA RECORD 

Volume XI. No. 1. September, 1917 

Tucson^ Arizona. 



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0. of D. 
OCT :0 1917 



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When on the second day of April, 1917, the President of the 
United States of America declared this Nation to be in a state of 
war with the Imperial Government of Germany, no national insti- 
tutions responded more quickly or more completely that did the 
colleges and universities of our land. From all parts of the country 
there poured into State and Federal offices tenders of men, equip- 
ment, laboratories, and campus. Realizing that all educational inter- 
ests, as well as social and industiial life, must be influenced pro- 
foundly by the demands of war, America's institutions o'f learning 
sought so to relate themselves immediately to National needs in this 
crisis as to render the greatest possible service in the defense of our 
country. 

The University of Arizona took action at once. On April fifth, 
with the approval and under the direction of the Board of Regents, 
President von Klein Smid sent the following message to Governor 
Campbell : 

"April 5th, 1917. 
Honorable Thomas E. Campbell, Governor of Arizona, 

Phoenix, Arizona. 
My dear Governor Campbell: 

In the National crisis, and in the event of war, it has seemed to 
the local Board of Regents of the University of Arizona that the use 
of the campus, the buildings, and the laboratories of the University 
might be found of great assistance to the State and to the Nation. 
They desire me, therefore, to offer these to you for your service as 
Governor of the State in directing the military operations of the 
commonwealth and, if it meets with the approval of yourself and 
other members of the Board, to offer the institution, through you, 
to the Federal Government for such service as the exigencies of war 
may demand. 

I speak as well for the entire Faculty and Student Body, who are 
united in their desire and anxiety to be of the largest possible service 
in this hour of our country's need. 

Faithfully yours, 

(Signed) R. B. von KleinSmid, 

President.'* 



Goremor Campbell replied as follows: 

"Phoenix, Arizona, April 6th, 1917. 
My dear Doctor von KleinSmid: 

Many thanks for your interesting and patriotic letter of April 
5th suggesting that the buildings and laboratories of the University 
be offered to the State, and if necessary, to the Nation, to assist in 
directing military operations. 

As the Executive and ex-officio member of the Board of Regents, 
I desire heartily to concur in your valued plan, and am transmitting 
a copy of your esteemed communication toi Hon. Newton D. Baker, 
Secretary of War, Washington, D. C, with the statement that I 
am in thorough agreement with the same. 

With kindest wishes, sincerely, 
(Signed) Thomas E. Campbell^ 

Governor of Arizona. 

Dr. R. B. von KleinSmid, President University of Arizona, 
Tucson, Arizona." 

The offer transmitted by Grovernor Campbell to Secretary New- 
ton D. Baker called forth the following reply from the Department 
of War, through the Council of National Defense : 

"Washington^ D. C. April 14th^ 1917. 
Hon. Thomas E. Campbell, Governor of Arizona, 

Phoenix, Arizona. 
Sir: 

Your letter of April 6th addressed to the Hon. Newton D. Baker, 
quoting from a resolution offered to you by the Board of Regents 
of the University of Arizona has been referred to this council for 
acknowledgement. 

It is quite certain that the Government will need for mobiliza- 
tion, etc., a number of buildings, and the use of land suitable for 
drilling; likewise, will there be great need for laboratories such as 
those of the University of Arizona. 

We have placed this most generous and patriotic offer on file, 
and when immediate need arises for such facilities, we will communi- 
cate with your further. 

Kindly convey to Mr. R. B. von KleinSmid, President of the 
University, our sincere thanks. 

Ytry truly yours, 
(Signed) W. S. Gifford, Director." 
II 



The tender of services on the part of the University of Arizona 
w^as made in good faith. She believed that the war was inspired 
by loyalty to an ideal and that ideal to preserve freedom from de- 
struction and to make possible the perpetuity of liberty. During the 
last six months she has tried in every way, and with all her resources, 
to aid in bringing victory to the cause oif democracy. When the 
record of Arizona's part in the war shall have been written, we feel 
confident that our commonwealth will have every reason to be 
proud of the devotion and service to the cause rendered by her 
State University. 

Faithfully yours, 

R. B. VON KleinSmid^ 
President, University of Arizona. 



Ill 



®I|p llnttrprattc nf Arizona 
attit it^p aiar 



WHEN the war upon Germany was declared, many wondered 
exactly what place the universities of the country would take 
in the crisis. Would they stop their work, or would they 
devote it entirely to war purposes? Would their young men all en- 
list, or would they remain in college? The question was quickly 
answered, for the trained minds of the country solved the problem in 
short order. Probably no university in the country was quicker in 
making its decision and making its alterations to suit the needs of the 
Nation than was the University of Arizona. Almost over night the 
university developed into a v/ar machine. 

Much has been said and much has been written regarding German 
efficiency, but German efficiency was the result of years of planning 
and similar efficiency has been developed by the American Nation in 
its colleges through more or less unconscious training. At the Uni- 
versity of Arizona no hysteria accompanied the change. Everything 
went on peacefully and quietly; the changes went into effect gradually. 
From all over the country came reports that such and such a university 
had abandoned its athletic program; that another college had signified 
its intention to close its doors, all tending to produce a state of uncer- 
tainty that was damaging to the Nation as a whole. 

At the University of Arizona everyone was ready, for the demo- 
cratic spirit of the Great West had made all members of the com- 
munity thoroughly American. 

The first call that came upon the University was from the mili- 
tary end. Fortunately since its inception the University has been a 
military school, the men having studied, for two years at least, mili- 
tary science and ^tactics. This- training was required of men in the 
two lower classes, but for love and respect of the students for the 
commandant, Colonel George LeRoy Brown, a great majority had 
elected two additional years df training. Almost to a man the stu- 
dents of the University qualified and enlisted in government service, 
some as officers, some as engineers, and in ambulance corps, and others 
shouldered the hoe and rake. 



The University of Arizona Record 



Wnj^ Ifnttor Soil 

The following Is a list of the faculty members, graduates and un- 
dergraduates who have entered the service of the Nation to fight 
"that the world may be made safe for democracy". This list is neces- 
sarily incomplete. 

NAME CLASS BRANCH OF SERVICE 

Abell, Norman ex. 1918 First Arizona Infantry. 

Abbott, Wells O ex. 1920 Ambulance Corps, Allentown, 

Pa. 

Ames, Edward W 1916 National Army. 

Andrews, Lloyd, Jr ex. 1920 Ambulance Corps, Allentown, 

Pa. 

Aylesworth, Herbert R. ... 1916 National Army. 

Badger, Wallace S ex. 1919 U. S. Cavalry.' 

Barnard, Justin Fred. . . .ex. 1918 Second Lieutenant, Infantry, U. 

S. R. 

Bedford, Arthur H ex. 1918 Canadian Ambulance Corps. 

Bettwy, Andrew ex. 1919 National Arm}/. 

Brackenbury, Richard A. .ex. 1918 U. S. Marine Corps, San Diego, 

Cal. 

Bradstreet, Herbert N 1914 Second Officers' Training Camp. 

Brewer, Walter Martin... 1916 Second Lieut., U. S. Marine 

Corps, Mare Island, Calif. 

Brisley, Harold ex. 1918 National Army. 

Brooks, Glen ex. 1919 National Army. 

Brooks, S. Earl ex. 1919 National Army. 

Brown, Dudley S 1917 Second Lieutenant, U. S. Ma- 
rine Corps, Quantico, Va. 

Browne, Myron G Special Captain First Arizona Infantry 

Burns, John 1917 Attended First Training Camp. 

Burrell, Alden F ex. 1919 Second Training Camp. 

Castelan, Julius F ex. 1920 Inventor of electric gun, now be- 
ing investigated by the War 
Department. 

Condron, Albert H 1917 Land Classifier, U. S. Geologi- 
cal Survey, Boise, Idaho. 

Crawford, Albert, Jr 1917 Chemist, U. S. Government, at 

Washington, D. C. 

Culin, Frank Luis, Jr 1915 Captain U. S. Army. 



The University of Arizona and the War 3 

NAME CLASS BRANCH OF SERVICE 

Cunningham, Fred ex. 1920 U. S. Navy. 

Duffy, Francis Robert. . .ex. 1918 National Army. 

Eberle, George ex. 1918 First Arizona Infantry 

Enger, Arthur Lu d wig. . .Faculty Captain Engineering Corps, U. 

S. A. 

Fickett, F. Weldon, Jr.... 1917 Second Lieutenant Infantry, U. 

S. R. 

Gardiner, John H 1918 Medical Corps, U. S. R. 

Getsinger, J. Wilson, Jr. . . . 1916 Second Lieutenant Infantr}^, U. 

S. R. 

Gibbs, Paul ex. 1918 Medical Corps, First Arizona. 

Gray, Frederick A ex. 1919 Second Lieutenant, Field Artill- 
ery, U. S. A. 

Grimshaw, Harold H 1916 Second Lieutenant, Infantry, U. 

S. R. 

Hageman, Donald ex. 1918 National Army. 

Hall, Roy ex. 1919 National Army. 

Hammels, Vinton ex. 1918 National Army. 

Hanson, LeRoy ex. 1918 National Army. 

Harders, Hans Harwig ... 1917 Second Lieutenant, 7th Regi- 
ment, U. S. Marine Corps, 
Cuba. 

Haynes, John C Special First Training Camp, Presidio, 

Cal. 

Hays, George Vinton. . . .ex. 1918 U. S. Navy. 

Hedgepath, John A 1916 First Training Camp, Presidio, 

Cal. 

Heim, Lloyd ex. 1916 National Army. 

Hendry, James William. ex. 1918 Medical Corps, Allentown, Pa. 

Hield, Horace 1917 Officers' Training Camp, Ft. 

Sheridan, 111. 

Hobson, Harry T ex. 1916 Second Lieutenant, U. S. R. 

Hodgson, Herbert E., 1917 Second Lieutenant Field Artill- 
ery, U. S. R. 

Hofmeister, Karl ex. 1917 Second Lieut., Aviation Corps. 

Hurst, Karl ex. 1918 First Arizona. 

Jaycox, Lester W ex. 1918 U. S. Marine Corps, Mare 

Island, Cal. 

Jenny, William LcBaron. ex. 1918 Attended First Training Camp. 

Kain, William Frederick. .Faculty Ambulance Corps, France. 



The University of Arizona Record 



NAME CLASS 

Kengla, Louis ex. 1919 

Klein, Leonard 1917 

Lesher, Charles Zaner 1917 

Lewis, Gail Inghram ... .ex. 1919 

Lindsley, Richard G 1915 

Lovett, Archa E ex. 1918 

Lowdermilk, Walter 1913 

Luis, Franklin 1916 

Lynch, Emzy H ex. 1918 

Lynch, George B ex. 1919 

Mack, Francis ex. 1916 

Maffeo, James S 1917 

Mashbir, Sidney ex. 1912 

Mayhew, Henry H ex. 1920 

McClure, Ben ex. 1917 

McClure, Frank 1917 

McGinnis, Russell ex. 1918 

McPherson, Orville 1917 

McSherry, Frank J 1917 

Merritt, Richard 1914 

Meserve, Charles Arthur. .Faculty 
Meyer, Archie M ex. 1920 

Minor, Bert 1916 

Monroe, Elbert C 1917 

Moore, Percy W 1916 

Nigh, Gordon K ex. 1920 

O'Keefe, John ex. 1919 

Oxley, Edward 1916 



BRANCH OF SERVICE 

Medical Corps, Ft. McDowell, 

Cal. 
National Army. 

Second Lieutenant, 6th. Regi- 
ment, U. S. Marine Corps, 
France. 

Medical Corps. 

First Training Camp. 

Second Lieutenant, Infantry, U. 
S. R. 

Forestry Corps. 

National Army. 

Second Lieutenant, Coast Artill- 
ery, U. S. R. 

First Arizona Infantry. 

National Army. 

National Army. 

Captain, U. S. Army. 

Medical Corps. 

Medical Corps. 

First Training Camp. 

Second Lieutenant Quartermas- 
ter's Corps, U. S. R. 

Second Lieutenant, Field Ar- 
tillery, U. S. A. 

Second Lieutenant, Coast Artill- 
ery, U. S. R. 

National Army. 

Major, Coast Artillery. 

Medical Corps, Ft. McDowell, 
Cal. 

Medical Corps, First Arizona. 

First Training Camp. 

Corporal, U. S. A., now attend- 

, ing Officers' Training Camp 
at Leon Springs, Tex. 

Medical Corps, Ft. McDowell, 
Cal. 

Field Artillery. 

U. S. Navy. 



The University of Arizona and the War 



NAME CLASS 

Penrod, Temple ex. 1919 

Peterson, George ex. 1918 

Phillips, Yousta L ex. 1918 

Pickerell, Charles U 1917 

Pickerell, W. Watson 1916 

Pulliam, Clarence ex. 1920 

Ramage, John ex. 1919 

Randall, Wainwright . . .ex. 1916 

Rebeil, Paul Special 

Renaud, Ernest J 1917 

Rider, Percy S., Jr ex. 1919 

Rogge, H. Earl ex. 1918 

Rogers, David ex. 1918 

Rosche, A. W Special 

Rubel, Albert C 1917 

Ruppert, Karl E ex. 1918 

Russell, Ernest E ex. 1918 

Ruthrauff, J. Moss 1912 

Ryan, Albert E ex. 1918 

Ryan, Patrick ex. 1918 

Sandige, John R ex. 1917 

Sayre, Ernest ex. 1912 

Schaussen, Dwight von.... 1917 

Scheerer, Cedric Erza 1917 

Scheerer, George 1916 

Schwalen, Harold 1917 

Seeley, George ex. 1918 

Smith, Turner Church 1916 

Steele, Gordon B ex. 1918 

Svi^aney, Oscar H. ex. 1918 

Todhunter, Ray W ex. 1920 



BRANCH OF SERVICE 

National Army. 

Attended First Training Camp. 

Medical Corps, Allentown, Pa. 

Second Lieutenant, Field Artill- 
ery, U. S. R. 

National Army. 

National Army. 

National Army. 

Medical Corps, Ottawa, Canada 

National Army. 

Second Lieutenant, Field Ar- 
tillery, U. S. R. 

Signal Corps. 

National xA.rmy. 

National Army. 

Captain, National Army. 

Second Lieutenant, Eng. Corps. 

Medical Corps, Allentow^n, Pa. 

Second Lieutenant, Infantry, U. 
S. R. 

Engineering Corps. 

Second Lieutenant, Infantry, U. 
S. R. 

Second Lieutenant, Infantry, U. 
S. R. 

Agriculturist, Miami Copper Co. 
War Garden. 

National Army. 

Second Training Camp. 

Second Lieutenant, Coast Ar- 
tillery, U. S. R. 

National Army. 

National Army. 

Second Lieut., First Arizona. 

National Army. 

Alabama National Guard. 

Second Lieutenant, Cavalry, U. 
S. R. 

Medical Corps, Ft. McDowell, 
Cal. 



The University of Arizona Record 



NAME CLASS 

Tong, James A ex. 1918 

Turvey, Harry E ex. 1918 

Upshaw, Ernest M ex. 1918 

Warner, Albert ex. 1918 

Weber, Ralph ex. 1919 

White, Arthur L ex. 1918 

Winsett, Alfred Irl Faculty 

Yoakuna, Emil ex. 1918 



BRANCH OF SERVICE 

Aviation Corps. 
National Army. 
Medical Corps. 
National Army. 
Signal Corps. 
National Army. 
Second Training Camp. 
National Army. 



S[I|e l&ti (HvmB 



The women of the University of Arizona realized the duties 
devolving upon them, and while previous to this time Red Cross 
service and first aid and hospital training had not been particularly 
popular, they suddenly became a substitute for social events. The 
following Is a list of undergraduate students who not only volun- 
teered their services as members oif the American Red Cross Associa- 
tion, but who completed a course In ''first aid" training that would 
qualify them for active service: 



Baillard, Helen 
Bird, Ruth 
Bradley, Salva 
Campbell, Ruth 
Davey, Effle 
Eastman, Alice 
Hildebrand, Clara 
Heckman, Madge 
Huddy, Gladys 
Jackson, Dorothy 
Jacome, Josephine 



Leeson, Frances 
Lawson, Alice 
Lockwood, Mrs. F. C. 
McDermott, Edith 
McKean, Kathryn 
Proctor, Mae 
Rider, Jane 

Rockefellow, Henrietta 
Saelld, Althea 
Wetherston, Francis 
Whysall, Ruth 



Early among the calls came the demand for men for agricultural 
services, to produce food and to help In the cultivation of war 
gardens which were started In many parts of the state. The follow- 



The University of Arizona and the War 



ing are among those who were excused from school work for service 
to the Nation along agricultural lines: 



Andrews, L. J. 
Baillard, Helen C, 
Barkley, Charles Everett 
Bartlett, C O. 
Benson, Robert R. 
Blake, Francis O. 
Brisley, Harold 
Bush, J. R. 
Cady, Albert - 
Champagne, Phillip 
Deming, John M. 
Downey, Roland V. 
Epler, Elizabeth 
Fosburg, Harold B. 
Gilbert, Ira N. 
Gray, Hoi lis, B. 
Herndon, Ralph 
Herndon, J. Prugh 
Iselln, Albin 
Irvine, Sylvan 

Work, 



Kendrick, Gordon F. 
Knapp, Miles 
McGowen, William R. 
McKinney, Durward L. 
Marlar, Thomas O. 
Moeur, John K. 
Morris, Lawrence 
Murphey, John W. 
Parke, Leonard E. 
Phelps, Wilford 
Pierce, Harold 
Pulliam, Clarence 
Rciniger, Grace M. 
Ronstadt, Fred, Jr. 
Stillwell, Logan 
Turvey, Harry E. 
Whitehead, Lawrence 
White, Arthur L. 
Wight, Roy 
Wilson, Clarence P. 
William M. 



^\\t 3Farttltg 



Among the faculty members oif the University of Arizona who 
tendered their services to the State and National Governments in 
various capacities were the following: 

RuFUj Bernhard von KleinSmid, a. M., Sc. D., President 
of the University. Called upon to act as Chairman of the Food Con- 
servation Committee of the Arizona State Council of Defense, and has 
assumed the leadership In the movement of food conservation. Dr. 
von Klein Snld has also been very prominent as a lecturer to stimulate 
Interest In enlistment, Red Cross, and Army Y. M. C. A. work. 

Robert Humphrey Forbes, M. S., Ph. D., Dean of the CoIIej^e 
of Agriculture. One of the most prominent and active members of the 
Committee on Food Conservation of the Arizona State Council of 
Defense. 



8 The University of Arizona Record 

Andrew Elliott Douglas, A. B., Sc. D., Dean of the College of 
Liberal Arts and Sciences. Called upon by the Arizona State Council 
of Defense to serve on the Committee for Scientific Research, and 
has rendered valuable services in the inspection of new inventions sub- 
mitted to that body. 

Charles Arthur Meserve, Ph. D., Director of the State Pure 
Food Laboratory. Went into training camp at the Presidio, Califor- 
nia; his excellence in military tactics bringing him the commission of 
major in the Coast Artillery. / 

Charles Francis Willis, S. B., E. M., Director of the 
Arizona State Bureau of Mines. Called upon to serve as secretaiy 
of the Committee on Scientific Research of the Arizona State Coun- 
cil of Defense. 

Alva Otis Neal, M. S., Registrar of the University. Called up(vn 
to serve as a member of the Committee on Secondary School Educa- 
tion of the Council of National Defense. / 

Arthur Ludwig Enger, B. S., C. E., Irrigation Engineer, Agri- 
cultural Experiment Station. Attended first training camp at Pre- 
sidio, California, receiving a commission of Captain in the Engineer- 
ing Corps, U. S. R. 

Alfred Irl Winsett, LL. B., Instructor in Law. Attending the 
second Officers' Training School at Leon Springs, Texas. 

William Frederick Kain, Lttt. B., Instructor in Law. Member 
of the Ambulance Corps now serving in France. 

Besides the above, many members of the Agricultural Experiment 
Station and the Arizona State Bureau of Mines have been ^^orking 
along lines closely related to the war. 



3II|0 £xt0ttai0tt ^ttmtt 



Within five days following the declaration of war, tie Agricul- 
tural Extension Service of the University of Arizona submitted to the 
Federal Government, upon its request, a confidential nport on the 
agricultural resources and possibilities of the State of Arkona. From 
the time of this preliminary report up to the present, the Extension 
Service has played a most important part in the great dr.Ve for greater 
food production and conservation. / 

The first state-wide agricultural gathering in Arpona following 
the declaration of war was the Agricultural Mobilization Conference, 



The University of Arizona and the War 9 

held April 20-21, arranged by the Extension Service and held at the 
University of Arizona. 

The call to the leading farmers and to State and Federal specialists 
in food production and conservation, brought a large group of men and 
women leaders, who, for two days, including night sessions, con- 
sidered most earnestly the ways and means for meeting the great na- 
tional crisis thrust upon us. At this Agricultural Mobilization Con- 
ference many of the concrete plans were formulated which have been 
followed in the emergency agricultural and conservation work. For 
sound suggestions it was one of the most notable conferences ever 
held in the state. 

At once the entire force of extension workers of the University 
launched into their work with renewed energy, adapting their proj- 
ects to the emergency. Never before had there been so many demands 
for their services out over the state, and never have agricultural work- 
ers and specialists set themselves to their task more assiduously. 

The staff of Extension workers has consisted of an Extension Di- 
rector, field specialists, a boys' and girls' club organization, county 
agricultural agents and a home economics extension organization, with 
women county agents. The more complete organization has been 
made possible with the recent passage of the emergency appropriations. 
The Extension Director has, in addition to administrative duties, 
been able to do some extension work with agricultural and horticul- 
tural crops; a livestock specialist has been kept busy, and specialists 
of the Experiment Station have been assigned for special projects to 
field work with the Extension Service. 

At the beginning only three county agricultural agents were em- 
ployed, serving five counties. At the present there are twelve of the 
fourteen counties of the State either with regular county agricultural 
agents or special emergency food agents. Some of these agents are 
answering the call to military service, and there will consequently 
be some replacements necessary. Every county agent is a direct rep- 
resentative of the University of Arizona Extension Service of the 
College of Agriculture, and they are also representatives of the 
United States Department of Agriculture. Being resident in the 
county and acquainted with local farmers and farming conditions, and 
with means for transportation, they are the actual agricultural lead- 
ers and conveyors of scientific as well as practical agricultural teach- 
ings. 

The diversity of county agent work prevents any complete report 
on their accomplishments, but some of these may be briefly grouped 



10 The University of Arizona Record 

and mentioned. The work of specialists supplements these county 
agent projects in many instances. 

Crop Production — Increased planting and better methods for bet- 
ter yields have been the aim, and some notable results have followed 
largely from the campaign of the agents. A greatly increased potato 
planting was secured in the northern counties; the bean acreage was 
multiplied many times in all parts. At this time all agents are se- 
curing the maximum planting of wheat consistent with good farming 
practice. Less waste land Is to be seen under irrigation systems and 
in reliable dry farm sections. 

Feed for Livestock — All agents have made livestock feed growing 
an Important part of their work. More silage will be grown ; more 
hay cut, and more grains for hogs, cattle and poultry will be produced. 
Agents have taken a leading part In this program, with a full realiza- 
tion that Arizona is fundamentally a livestock state, and that meat 
production Is useful food production. 

Crop Pest, Parasite, and Disease Control — County agent demon- 
strations have led to a far better controll of plant diseases, such as 
smuts and other fungous diseases. In one county, where formerly only 
10 per cent of all the farmers In the county treated their oats for 
smut, the agent Induced 80 to 90 per cent to give treatment, with the 
result that smut was reduced to 8 per cent from 66 per cent infected 
with no treatment. 

Prairie dog and other rodents, pests of crops and of the range, 
have been destroyed more generally through efforts of county agents 
and Department of Agriculture specialists. Spraying demonstrations 
of agents have led to the control of pests in gardens, fields and 
orchards. 

Storing and Preservation of Crops — County agents have carried on 
a campaign of education and secured farmer demonstrators on storage. 
Many silos have been built as a direct result of county agent pro- 
paganda. In one county the agent secured a reduction for the farmers 
of 20 to 25 per cent per sack of cement, which meant a saving of 
$38.00 for each average silo built. _ SUo forms for community use 
have been provided through the agents, and community use of 
silage cutters and silo filling machinery have been secured. Farmers' 
co-operative seed grain and produce storehouses are being built; also 
better cellars and storehouses for potatoes, root crops and food supplies. 

Home Food Supply Production — All agents have had as a project 
the increasing of numbers of gardens for vegetable growing to sup- 



The University of Arizona and the War 11 

plant the practice of buying canned food stuffs so generously prac- 
tised in Arizona previously. The increase in gardens has been from 
one to three hundred per cent, and fall and winter gardens are now 
being planted. An emergency garden expert, whom the Extension 
Service assisted in providing to a large mining and smelting company, 
has directed the growing of 420 war gardens by miners. Home curing 
of meats, home production of substitutes for sugar, such as honey and 
molasses, home production of soft cheese, have been stimulated through 
county agent and extension activity. 

Emergency Assistance to Farmers — The agricultural agents have 
been instrumental in assisting farmers to secure extra labor, seed supply 
and machinery. This has been a regular function of the county agents, 
but with the needs of the farmers reported through blanks mailed to 
them to be returned to the agent, the service has been increased. 

A crop, labor, livestock, machinery, and resource survey, including 
information on needs of farmers, has been conducted by the county 
agents. This has giveni an enormous mass of data which will be of 
service to the agents in their work for some time. The State Council 
of Defense has assisted in securing this data, and the co-operation of 
county agents and other extension workers with the State Council of 
Defense has been mutually beneficial. 

Home Economics Extension — The extension organization for 
women consists of three field workers; a state leader of home eco- 
nomics extension and two women county agents. One of the women 
agents gives her time to Maricopa County, and the other two to a 
number of counties. The women county agents do for the housewives 
what the men agents do for the farmers, and accomplish these results 
in much the same manner. 

Much emergency work has been done in food conservation, in- 
cluding many canning demonstrations. Women's organizations have 
been given technical and practical assistance in their conservation 
work. Home economics specialists have been furnished for meetings 
of the Council of Defense and its county women's organizations. 

Some of the subjects upon which instruction has been given over 
the state are: Household equipment, planning meals, food values, 
efficiency in the household duties, food and clothing conservation, 
utilization of emergency foods, such as milo flour, etc. An increase 
of more than 200 per cent of home canned food has been secured. 

Boys' and Girls' Club Work — Extension work has likewise been 
most effectively carried on with the boys and girls of the State through 
the boys' and girls' club work. 



12 The University of Arizona Record 

The club organization consists of a state leader and an assistant 
state club leader, who has charge of the girls' clubs. In addition, four 
assistant local club supervisors have been employed on part time 
through the summer. 

Eight projects, namely, corn, cotton, grain sorghum, pig, poultry, 
canning, potato, and gardening have been carried, with special em- 
phasis on the canning and gardening projects. The enrollment of 
boys and girls in this work is already over 1500, and its fall gardens, 
pig, poultry, school lunch and sewing clubs to run through the winter 
are only just being formed. 

Ten canning demonstration teams have been organized among the 
older clubs, and several of the teams have reported public demonstra- 
tions. 

Plans are already under way to have daily demonstrations at all 
of the county fairs and at the State fair at Phoenix. Exhibits will be 
made of all kinds of canning and dried products, including the display 
of drying and canning devices. 

In the garden club work, fall and winter gardens are now being 
started. iSouthern Arizona offers unusual possibilities in this line 
which other states cannot enjoy. 

A Farmer Boys' Food Encampment will be held at the State fair, 
and prize winners from clubs in various parts of the State will be in 
attendance to benefit from timely lectures and demonstrations. 

Livestock Extension — Definite and valuable results have been ac- 
complished by the Livestock Specialist. His line of work has been to 
assist with cow testing associations and the keeping of individual herd 
records, range bull management and range sanitation. 

Of encouraging accomplishments may be mentioned co-operation 
work with range men to reduce loss of livestock on the range through 
disease or starvation. Many herds have been given vaccination 
against blackleg. Other diseases for which remedial measures have 
been offered and adopted by stockmen are hog cholera, calf diphtheria, 
pneumonia, calf scours, tuberculosis, contagious abortion and lump 
jaw. Steps against the screw worm have been proposed and followed. 
At the present time the livestock specialist, with the assistance of a 
representative from the U. S. Department of Agricult\ire, is carrying 
on meetings with range sheep and cattle men, calling attention to the 
poisonous plants of the ranges and the steps to avoid loss from them. 

Meetings and Field Instruction Schools — The foregoing are but a 
few of the leading accomplishments of the Extension, workers who 



The University of Arizona and the War 13 

represent the University of A^'izona and the Department of Agricul- 
ture co-operatively. 

It is hard to judge how far-reaching are the public demonstrations 
given by these Extension men and women. Many farm and home 
visits are made to give individual assistance. Six county agents alone 
in the months of June and July made a total of 1384 visits to farms. 
Farmer demonstrators, co-operating with the agents to the number of 
183, were visited, and 413 other farmers stopped their work to attend 
these demonstrations on their neighbors' farms, led by the agents. In 
the time these six agents held 152 meetings at which the' attendance 
was 4721. 

Home Economics workers, boys' and girls' club workers and Ex- 
tension specialists likew^ise held great numbers of public meetings and 
field instruction schools. 

Publications — A Weekly Press Letter is issued by the Extension 
Service, from which timely articles are clipped by the press. The 
articles since! the war have been unusually valuable, and have been 
widely copied by the papers. A number of extension circulars have 
been published and circulated. The number of individual replies to 
inquiries by mail by Extension workers has been enormous. Material 
for eighteen timely agricultural and conservational posters was fur- 
nished the Agricultural Commi-ttee of the State Council of Defense. 



(Slf0 (El^aticirfi tn (Eurrtrulum 



In response to the demand that the curriculum of colleges and uni- 
versities should be made more practical, the faculty of the University 
of Arizona adopted a resolution which requires all women students 
entering the University to take one year of work in the department 
of Home Economics, with special emphasis on conservation of food 
and textiles. This course is one which should fit each student better 
to manage the affairs of the ordinary household and give a better ap- 
preciation of the opportunities for real service in the home and the 
community. 

In accordance with requests of the War Department and the 
Bureau of Education, the course for men includes military instruction 
for all students. Previous to this time, military drill has been re- 
quired only of students of the first two years. 



14 The University of At'izona Record 

It has been found that the men prepared in the University, upon 
going to the training camps, have shown marked ability in taking up 
the work of military science. This has led the departments concerned 
to believe that the training in military drill and science justifies this 
additional emphasis on the military work in the universities. 

Another important change is the plan made by the University for 
training of teachers of vocational education, along the lines set forth 
in the Smith-Hughes bill, providing for federal aid in the teaching of 
agriculture trades and Home Economics. Anticipating the operation 
of the Smith-Hughes bill, which becomes effective this year, the 
faculty has provided a course leading to the degree of Bachelor of 
Science in Agriculture, with the major in agricultural educa- 
tion ; a course leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Home 
Economics, and a course leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science 
in Industrial Arts. These courses have been published in a catalogue 
supplementary to the regular catalogue this year. 



Qllf^ Qlollrp of MintB and iEtigitteerittg 



The College of Mines and Engineering of the University of Ari- 
zona has but one aim during the present national crisis and that is 
to serve with utmost effectiveness the cause for which the Nation 
is fighting. 

At first there may have been some doubt in the minds of the 
University authorities as to just what course it would be best to 
follow, but serious reflection and a careful investigation of condi- 
tions in Europe sufficed to indicate very conclusively the wisdom of 
maintaining the activities of the college with the utmost possible 
vigor, and of making certain minor adjustments in order to meet 
adequately the needs of our country during the present emergency. 

Since the unselfishness and patriotism of this decision has been 
questioned by some, it seems desirable to state that it was not 
reached without a knowledge of the opinions and desires of many 
high government officials. President von KleinSmid attended the 
Conference of College Presidents, held in Washington in May, and 
Dean Butler was there in July during the meeting of the Society 
for the Promotion of Engineering Education. All the delegates to 
these conferences attended them for the purpose of ascertaining what 
the United States wished the educational institutions to do, and the 



The University of Arizona and the War 15 

answers they received can best be indicated by quoting a few of the 
speakers at these meetings. 

Hon. Newton D. Baker, Secretary of War, said'. 

**The War Department is especially anxious not to disturb un- 
duly the educational systems of the country. ... I think we ought 
all to adopt as the daily maxim of our talk and our activity that 
the country shall make every sacrifice necessary, break up every 
alliance and every activity necessary to bring our force to bear in 
the most effective way, but that we ought to preserve the country 
for the common good against every unnecessary dislocation and 
against every unnecessary abridgement of the processes of our com- 
mon life. 

"I think you ought to have as an especial object the urgent invi- 
tation to young men of America to come into your technical schools 
and devote themselves to engineering branches of education ; so that 
when this war is over the struggle will not have been in vain ; so 
that young men can quickly and efficiently play a part in that re- 
construction." 

General William M. Black, Chief of Engineers, Uni:\ed States 
Army, said : 

"After careful investigation, it has been decided not to shorten 
the course at West Point, since the training nowi offered there can- 
not be satisfactorily abridged. I feel that a similar decision should 
be reached by all institutions training specialists. It is a great 
mistake to shorten courses or to cease to do everything possible to 
provide trained men for the service of the Nation. It is likewise a 
mistake for students of engineering to enlist before their training 
is completed. Schools of technolog}^ should keep right on with their 
work with all diligence." 

Hon. P. P. Claxton, United States Commissioner of Education, 
said: 

"The demand for engineers will be greater after tlie war than 
ever before in the history of the world. Engineering students should 
stay at their posts and not go into active service at the front until 
after they graduate. We shall be very foolish if we do not keep our 
engineering institutions, at least, up to the highest efficiency." 

On other occasions various national leaders have expressed them- 
selves positively on the matter under consideration. The following 
three quotations should be read by every student or prospective stu- 
dent: 



16 The University of Arizona Record 

President Wilson : "There will be need for a larger number 
of persons expert in the various fields of applied science than ever be- 
fore. Such persons will be needed both during the war and after 
its close. I would particularly urge upon the young people who are 
leaving our high schools that as many of them as can do so avail 
themselves of the opportunities offered by the colleges and technical 
schools, to the end that the country may not lack an adequate supply 
of trained men and women." 

Major-General Leonard Wood'. "Boys should remember that 
they are now serving in the best possible way by preparing them- 
selves to serve more efficiently when the time comes .... It is 
a great mistake for partly educated young boys tO' rush to the colors 
now. We don't need them. It is very important they should finish 
their education." 

Colonel S. E. Tillman, Superintendent West Point Military 
Academy : "Only the most urgent conditions should withdraw any 
boy from school. In justice to the Government as well as them- 
selves, they should finish their courses." 

In a circular letter dated May 22nd, Commissioner Claxton 
further said: 

"England, France, Italy and the Central Empires have thrown 
into battle a very large per cent of their educated and trained men, 
including most of the young professors and instructors in their uni- 
versities, colleges, gymnasia, lycees, and public schools. Their col- 
leges and universities are almost empty. 

"A right conception of patriotism should induce all students 
who cannot render some immediate service oi great value to remain 
in college, concentrate their energies on their college' work, and thus 
be all the more ready and fit when their services may be needed, 
either for war or for the important work of reconstruction and de- 
velopment in our own and other countries when the wiar shall have 
ended. 

"No college, university, or technical school that can avoid it 
should permit its faculty or student body to be scattered or its energy 
to be dissipated. All should redouble their energies and concentrate 
them upon those things which w^ill be of most service during the pro- 
gress of the war, and which will prepare their students for the most 
effective service for their country and for the world when the war 
is over. 

"The desire to render immediate service is praiseworthy, and the 
spirit which prompts it should be fostered, but it is effective service 



The University of Arizona and the War 17 

that finally counts. Schools and school officers, teachers and students 
should ever keep this goal of effective service in mind." 

The following excerpts from a circular written by D. J. A. L. 
Waddell, the noted civil engineer who has been decorated by both 
the Japanese and Russian Governments, will help make it clear why 
technical schools should increase rather than diminish their activi- 
ties during the war : 

"The larger part of the civilized world will have to be recon- 
structed after the war, not excluding our own great railroad sys- 
tems which undoubtedly will have deteriorated on account of over- 
use and lacl^ of adequate up-keep. Such reconstruction is almost 
exclusively the work of engineers. 

**The European technical men have been killed off by thousands 
during the past three years; and their slaughter will not cease until 
the war ends. Moreover, it is more than probable that many Ameri- 
can engineers who serve in Europe will never return to our shores, 
and that a large number of those who do come back will be more or 
less incapacitated for active professional work. 

"The technical schools of all the other warring countries have 
practically been out of commission for three years, thus cutting 
down there, almost to zero, the supply of new men for the engi- 
neering profession. 

"The call to arms in this country by both volunteering and con- 
scription it is feared will soon reduce to almost one-half the atten- 
dance at the technical schools of the United States, while, instead of 
being halved, it ought properly to he doubled. 

"In spite of the present paralyzation of many lines of engineering 
work, due to the cessation of large constructions and to the absolute 
lack of capital for important new projects of a peaceful character, 
the demand for young graduates from technical schools by the manu- 
facturers of war supplies is so great that there is already a marked 
dearth of such assistance, which dearth will be more and more ac- 
centuated as the war progresses, and the call for ships, guns, ammu- 
nition, aeroplanes, automobiles, and other war paraphernalia increases. 

"It is beyond question that for the next ten years or more, engi- 
neering is everywhere going to be the most lucrative of all the 
professions." 

"Dr. Waddell in the circular mentioned also makes the fol- 
lowing appeal : 

"Let me, therefore, most earnestly implore all youths who are 
ready for college this fall, and who are not in any way unfitted 
for technical careers, to take up some branch of engineering or 



18 The University of Arizona Record 

technology; and let me entreat the parents or guardians of such 
youths to exert their influence so as to induce the boys to choose 
that line of study for their life work. Remember: it is not only for 
the good of the country that I make this appeal, but also for the 
ultimate benefit of the young men themselves." 

In view of the facts and opinions already set forth, it seems evi- 
dent that the only patriotic course open to the College of Mines and 
Engineering is to push ahead as vigorously as circumstances will 
permit. No radical changes in the curriculum seem necessary; but, 
in addition to the four years of military training now required of all 
male students, courses in military engineering and military geology 
have been provided next year. If the war continues for several 
years, the present undergraduate students should be able to render 
effective service in a minimum of time after graduation. It makes no 
difference whether are are studying mining, civil, electrical, or me- 
chanical engineering; so varied are the engineering requirements of a 
great army that all can be used to splendid advantage. It has been 
said that this is an engineers' war, and the following incomplete list 
of the duties an engineer in the army may be called upon to perform 
(taken in part from Bond's "The Engineer in War,") indicates that 
the statement quoted is correct: 

1. Reconnaissance work and map making. 

2. Collection and utilization of local engineering resources in 
personnel and material. 

3. Locating and laying out defensive positions and points of sup- 
port. 

4. Planning and superintending construction of offensive or de- 
fensive field fortifications, including obstacles, sapping and mining, 
etc., and the execution of the more difficult tasks in connection there- 
with, such as setting up big guns. 

5. Locating, laying out, and improving camps. 

6. Sanitation, including water supply and sewage disposal. 

7. Construction and repair of roads, railroads and bridges. 

8. Construction of temporary buildings, and repair of permanent 
buildings and other structures. 

9. Military demolitions. 

10. Operation or repair of "tanks," motor vehicles, aeroplanes, 
search-lights, wireless installations, etc. 

That the College of Mines and Engineering has made Its sacrifice 
to the Nation Is shown by the number of Its undergraduates now in 
service, as listed in this booklet. Practically all of those students who 
would have been seniors next winter have enlisted, and many juniors 



The University of Arizona and the War 19 

have done likewise. The lower classes promise to be record-break- 
ers, however, and will include young men (mostly below draft age) 
from all parts of the country. With the completion of the new Mines 
and Engineering Building during the year, the plant and equipment 
will be nearly ideal, and will enable the College to offer the best 
possible training for engineers — that obtainable in a university en- 
vironment. 

In conclusion, it may not be amiss to note that certain members of 
the college are doing research work which may prove of very great 
value to our Government. One has practically perfected a commer- 
cially successful process that should materially increase the output of 
molybdenum. The advice of the technically trained instructors and 
the use of the laboratories of the College are extended to any one 
who has an idea that may be of use to our Country in the prosecution 
of the war; and it is hoped that inventors will take advantage of 
the opportunity thus offered, for, as already said, real service to 
State and Country is the aim of the College of Mines and Engi- 
neering. 



^{[t Art^atta 9tate Sur^au of fKin^B 



War Minerals. As the draft registered the country's manhood 
in June, so now is the State Bureau of Mines endeavoring to obtain 
a complete compilation and. census of Arizona's mineral resources. 
Especially those minerals of vital importance to the manufacture of 
war material. The object of this work is to have a complete and 
detailed compilation of all the information available on the known 
mineral resources of the State, and in such form as to be of immediate 
and future use. The value and benefit to the State of such a com- 
plete record has-been recognized for some time past, and has been 
contemplated; but the pressing national needs of the moment have 
made it a necessity for the work to be done at once. The Bureau 
of Mines recognizes the importance of this, and irrespective of cost, 
will put all of its energies to getting out a complete and detailed 
census. 

The Bureau of Mines for some months past has been receiving 
numerous letters from private concerns asking for information con- 
cerning various mineral deposits that were either known to exist or 
probably existed. 



20 The University of Arizona Record 

The executive committee of the Association of American State 
Geologists, together with the U. S. Bureau of Mines, and the Ameri- 
can Institute of Mining Engineers, formed a "Committee on War 
Minerals." 

The purpose of the committee is to learn of mineral deposits, lo^ 
cation of industries requiring minerals, buyers of minerals, prices 
and other commercial information. This committee is calling upon 
the various state mining bureaus, geological surveys, mining and 
geological societies, and state councils of defense to co-operate and 
partly undertake the work. 

The Arizona State Bureau of Mines received a request from the 
Council of National Defense through the Arizona 'State Council of 
Defense asking for advice and co-operation in undertaking a survey 
of the State of Arizona to ascertain its resources in minerals other 
than copper, coal and iron, such as oil, chromite, manganese, plati- 
num, antimony, tin, tungsten, molybdenum, clean fluorite for optical 
purposes, high grade refractory clays, optical glass sand, mica, graph- 
ite, nitrates and sulphur. An increased production of the above 
is of urgent necessity at this moment. 

On the first of August the American Institute of Mining Engi- 
neers, through its member of the Committee on War Minerals, 
issued an appeal to all its members to assist in an inventory oi the 
developed and undeveloped minerals of the country. These appeals 
were so overwhelming that Dr. von KleinSmid, President of the 
University of Arizona, and Charles F. Willis, Director of the Ari- 
zona State Bureau of Mines, recognizing the importance of the coun- 
try's needs along this line, determined to undertake the completion 
of the compilation of the mineral resources of the state as efficiently 
as possible with the limited funds at the Bureau's disposal. 

Milton A. Allen, Mineral Technologist of the Bureau, was given 
charge of the work, and is at present devoting his entire time, together 
with that of three assistants, to it. It will be some time before the 
work will be complete, but it is expected that it will be in such shape 
that material assistance can be given to any person desiring informa- 
tion on mineral deposits within the near future. Mr. Allen will con- 
tinue the work until its completion, and it is expected that it will 
occupy the greater^ part of his time during the national emergency. 

Apart from the mere compilation and segregation of all reports 
of mineral deposits, these reports have to be confirmed by corres- 
pondence, and further details obtained beyond the mere statement 
that deposits exist. It is hoped that the Bureau will be able to make 
the work even more complete by actual field examination. 



The University of Arizona and the War 21 

In the spring of the coming year, Mr. Allen will undertake a 
series of lectures throughout the state to stimulate interest and pro- 
duction of the rare minerals needed for war purposes. Apart from 
this, instructional work will be given in the technology of the metals 
and minerals, and the encouragement of their proper and conservative 
utilization. 

The United States Geological Survey is now doing a little of 
this field work and has asked the Bureau to co-operate with them. 
Many of the reported mineral deposits will be found on examination 
to have remained idle because of the lack of a known metallurgical 
process to treat and extract the important minerals at a profit or 
even extract them at all. It is the purpose of the research department 
of the Bureau of Mines to carry out research work on these metal- 
lurgical problems. 

In reply to the appeal of the United States Geological Survey 
and the National and State Councils of Defense, the Bureau has an- 
nounced its intention to co-operate in every way possible with any 
work which will be carried on to locate, work and treat minerals 
which are vital to the country's welfare at this time. 

It will be fully realized what an undertaking this work is, and 
the value, when it is complete, both to the country and the State ; its 
value in thtf future in the systematic and economic development of 
the State's resources is untold. 



LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS 




020 914 345 8 $ 



